紐時賞析／法官禁政府審閱華郵遭扣設備

「华盛顿邮报」再度站上对抗美国联邦政府的风口浪尖。纽约时报

Judge Blocks U.S. From Viewing Items Seized From Post

法官禁政府审阅华邮遭扣设备

A federal judge on Wednesday ordered the government not to review materials seized during the search of a Washington Post reporter’s home last week.

联邦法官周三下令，政府不得检视上周搜索华盛顿邮报记者住处时扣押的资料。

The ruling, from Magistrate Judge William B. Porter, was in response to a legal filing by the newspaper Wednesday arguing that the seizures violated the First Amendment and demanding the return of the items.

此裁定出自联邦地院治安法官波特，对华邮周三递状的回应。该报主张扣押行为违反宪法第一增修条文，并要求返还该等物品。

“The seizure chills speech, cripples reporting, and inflicts irreparable harm every day the government keeps its hands on protected materials,” the company said in the filing.

华邮在声请书中表示：「政府掌握受保护资料的每一天，都会对言论自由造成寒蝉效应，瘫痪报导，并造成无法挽回的伤害。」

Porter wrote that the Post and the reporter, Hannah Natanson, had shown “good cause” to maintain the “status quo” while the issues were being sorted out in court.

波特写道，华邮及其记者汉娜．纳坦森声请在相关争点厘清前「保持现状」，具备「正当理由」。

The FBI conducted the search at the home of Natanson, a prolific chronicler of the upheaval in the federal government under the second Trump administration. Natanson wrote a first-person article weeks earlier about how she had used the encrypted messaging app Signal to communicate with government sources. A colleague described her as the “federal government whisperer.”

联邦调查局搜索纳坦森的住家。她撰写许多第二届川普政府执政下联邦政府动荡的相关报导。纳坦森数周前发表一篇第一人称视角文章，讲述自己如何使用加密通讯应用程式Signal和政府消息人士交谈。一名同僚形容她是「华府内幕通」。

The authorities seized two laptops, one owned by the Post, as well as a company iPhone, a portable hard drive, a Garmin watch and a voice recorder.

当局扣押2台笔记型电脑，1台是报社资产，以及1支华邮的iPhone，还有1颗行动硬碟、1支Garmin手表和1支录音笔。

Though the government has drawn criticism in the past for trampling on the rights of journalists in seeking evidence to punish leakers, never before had the Justice Department “raided a journalist’s home in connection with a national security leak investigation,” according to the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press.

尽管联邦政府曾因追查泄密侵犯记者权利而屡招批评，但新闻自由记者委员会指出，司法部从未因国安泄密调查而「搜索记者住所」。

The search of Natanson’s home was in connection with the government’s investigation of Aurelio Perez-Lugones, a government contractor in Maryland who held a top-secret security clearance. He is accused of taking home intelligence reports that were discovered in his basement and in a lunchbox.

搜索纳坦森住所和政府调查持有最高级别安全许可的马里兰州系统管理承包商佩雷斯–卢戈内斯有关。他被指控将机密文件带回家，而这些文件在他的地下室和午餐盒中被寻获。

The Post argues that the seizure of Natanson’s devices amounts to an unconstitutional prior restraint on the Post, meaning that the FBI confiscated materials that the newspaper needed to continue its work.

华邮主张扣押纳坦森装置代表联邦调查局没收华邮继续执行业务所需设备，等于实施事前审查，已经违宪。

On a related point, the Post argues that the seizure was far too broad for its stated purposes.

关于这点，华邮主张扣押范围远超出其声称目的。

“Almost none of the seized data is even potentially responsive to the warrant, which seeks only records received from or relating to a single government contractor,” the Post said in the filing, adding, “The government seized this proverbial haystack in an attempt to locate a needle.”

华邮在声请书中说，「搜索票仅寻求单一承包商相关纪录，但扣押资料几乎全不相干。」华邮还表示，「政府为了找一根针竟收走整堆干草」。

文／Erik Wemple，译／罗方妤

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